The owner or operator of an aircraft is primarily responsible for maintaining that aircraft in an airworthy condition.
The pilot in command is responsible for determining whether that aircraft is in condition for safe flight.
S.P.A.R.R.O.W.
Supplements: manuals for extra equipment installed in the aircraft (G1000, Aspen Standby)
Placards: markings and stickers placed in an aircraft, stating operation instructions or limitations for that aircraft. Placards are found in section 2 of the POH. If any listed is not installed, the aircraft is not airworthy.
Airworthiness Certificate: certificate given to the aircraft when all the requirements to be airworthy are met. It does not expire but must be kept current with required inspections.
Required inspections for the Airworthiness Certificate: FAR 91.409, 411, 413, 207
A.V.I.A.T.E.S.
Airworthiness Directives: mandatory inspections issued by the FAA when they see a problem in the aircraft. There are two types: (FAR: 39)
Urgent
Non-Urgent (2)
One time
Recurrent
VOR : inspections done every 30 days. Required only for IFR flights.
Inspections: (FAR 91.409)
100-hour: required for aircraft for hire. Cannot be overflown unless it is taken to maintenance (+10 hours). Any time into the ten hour buffer will be deducted from the next 100-hour block. Beyond this ten hour buffer, a SFP is required.
Can be performed by A&P (Airframe and Powerplant Mechanic)
Annual: Done every 12 calendar months. Cannot be overflown.
Can be performed by A&P with an IA (Inspection Authority)
Transponder: needs to be inspected every 24 calendar months.
ELT: needs to be inspected every 12 months, after use of one cumulative hour, or ½ of battery used.
Memory aid: 12|1|.5 (emergency frequency)
Static Pressure System: needs to be inspected every 24 calendar months.
Registration: Required for all aircraft. A registration has a valid period and some situations of which a registration wouldn’t be valid.
7.30.F.T.D.U.C
7 years
30 days after the owner’s death
Foreign registration
Transfer of ownership
Destruction of aircraft
US citizenship loss
Cancellation upon request
Radio License: Only needed if flying international. One for the pilot and the aircraft.
Operations Manual:
Serial number
Tail number
Weight and Balance
Weight and Balance: must have the most current data.
A.W.K.R.A.F.T.
All information available
Weather
Known ATC delays
Temporary Flight Restrictions (TFR)
Runway lengths and status
Alternate airports
Mandatory for IFR flights
Fuel requirements
FAA minimum: 30 minutes for day, 45 minutes for night
Academy minimum: 1 hour
Takeoff and landing distances
A MEL is the Minimum Equipment List of instruments, equipment and procedures that allow the aircraft to be operated under specific conditions with inoperative equipment.
K.T.A.A.
Kinds of Equipment List
Type Certificate Data Sheet
Airworthiness Directive
ATOMATOEFLAMES and FLAPS (FAR 91.205)
Acron does not have a MEL. Instead Acron has an Inoperative Equipment Decision Sequence Flow Chart found in the In Flight Guide available from Centrik.
A.T.O.M.A.T.O.E.F.L.A.M.E.S & F.L.A.P.S.
-Day-
Altimeter
Tachometer (for each engine)
Oil pressure gauge (for each engine using pressure system)
*Manifold pressure gauge (only for controllable pitch propellers and each altitude engines)
Airspeed indicator
*Temperature gauge (only needed in liquid-cooled engine)
Oil temperature gauge (only needed in air-cooled engine)
Emergency equipment (floating gear if flying beyond power-off gliding distance from shore, for hire only)
Fuel gauges (for each tank)
*Landing gear position indicator (only retractable gear)
Anti-collision lights (aviation red or white or strobes after 03/11/96)
Magnetic direction indicator
ELT (exception for aircraft engaged in training within a 50-nautical mile radius of the airport from which flight began)
Safety belts and harness
-Night-
Fuses (3 of each type, or circuit breakers)
Landing light (only for hire)
Anti-collision lights (aviation red or white or strobes, after 08/11/1971)
Position lights (green-red)
Source of electrical power (generator, alternator, battery)
*does not apply to PA-28-181
The Special Flight Permit is a document issued by the Flight Standards District Office, allowing the pilot to fly the aircraft in un-airworthy conditions. A SFP is obtained when a pilot requests one from the FSDO and they send a SFP stating the operation can be done. Ultimately, the PIC will make the call that the aircraft is airworthy and to make the flight. Only the minimum crew can be onboard with a SFP.
Situations when a SFP would be obtained:
T.D.M.O.D.E.
Testing
Delivering
Maintenance
Overweight (fuel only)
Demonstration
Evacuation